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四级考试语法恶补(1)
作者: 来源:第一家教网 日期:2010.12.12  浏览量:12129

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形容词层迭修饰时的顺序  几个属于不同层次的形容词作修饰语时,其词序一般按下列顺序排列:限定词→表示说话人评价的形容词→表示大小、形状、新旧的形容词→表示颜色的形容词→表示国别、来源、材料的形容词→表示用途或目的的形容词→名词中心词。例如:

  the town's charming old English church

  a wellknown German medical school

  the man's first two interesting little red French oil paintings

  近义词辨析

  bother, disturb, trouble, worry

  这组词均含有“不停地烦扰他人或搞得某人心神不宁”的意思。

  bother  和disturb常用于主动和被动两种形式中。用于被动时,bother指常受到时有时无的小事的烦扰。用于主动时,bother的意思比disturb强,带有故意打扰他人的意思。

  If you return me the book, I will stop bothering you.你归还我的书后,

  我就不打扰你了。

  disturb用于被动形式时,意思比bother强烈,有时甚至可指精神错乱。用在主动形式时,意思最弱,指某人无意中打扰他人,这种打扰行为并非存心冲着他人去的。The man was mentally disturbed.这个人精神错乱了。

  trouble和worry主要用于被动,指被某事搞得心神不宁。

  trouble比worry稍正式些,指麻烦别人一件事而影响他人舒适、方便、效率、健康或心境的平静等。

  May I trouble you for the book?麻烦您把书递给我好吗?

  worry

  主要指因对某事的结果没有把握而焦虑不安,还可指某人沉浸在软弱无助的情绪或思虑中。

  Worrying about your health can make you sick.经常担心你的健康,会使你生病的。

  全真模拟试题

  1. It's not fair that you come home after a  bad day at work a

  nd ____ your wife and children.

  A. take it out on    B. take out it on   

  C. take out on    D. take on it with

  2. She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that ____.

  A. he catches cold    B. he should catch cold   

  C. he caught cold    D. he be catching cold

  3. Our teacher recommended that we ____ as attentive

  as possible when we visit the museum.

  A. are     B. shall be     C. be  D.were

  4. You ____ business interfering with my affairs.

  A. have none    B. have no

  C. have none of  the D. have nothing like

  5. The new cut in interest rate ____ promote domestic

  investment.

  A. means to B. directs toward

  C. is meant to    D. leads to

  6. Advertising media like direct mail, radio, television and newspapers

  ____ to increase the sales of industrial products.

  A.have been used  B. will be used   

  C. is being used D. has been used

  7. While being questioned on the court, the man denied ____

  the old lady's necklace.

  A. having taken  B. taking

  C. to have taken D. to take

  8. Dr. Park was accused ____ the patient with overdose of slee

  ping pills so that the patient's life was terminated before the expected time.

  A.of providing  B. with providing

  C. to have provided   D. to provide

  9. By the end of next month we ____ this assignment.

  

  A. will finish B. will be finishing

  C. will have finished  D. have finished

  10. We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours ____ miracle.

  A.is working B. works

  C. will be working D. worked

  11. It was dark in the cave so she ____ a match.

  A. struck  B. hit  C. fired  D. burned

  12. Mary will not be able to come to the birthday party as she is ____ with a cold.

  A. laid out   B. laid up  C. laid by   D. laid down

  13. She often says her greatest happiness ____ serving the handicapped children.

  A.relies on B. consists in

  C. composes of D. comprises in

  14. To make this ____ clear we shall have to look clo

  sely into biology's long history.

  A.distinction  B. indication     C. recognition    D. constitution

  15. Most importantly, such an experience helps ____ a heightened sensitivity to

  other cultures and will bring about a greater appreciation of one's own culture as well.

  A. coach    B. forsake  C. foster   D.censor

  16. When Ann broke the dish she tried to put the  ____

  back together.

  A. fragments  B. pieces  C. bits     D. slices

  17. Jane tried to ____ the doorman with money, but she failed.

  A. bribe   B. corrupt  C. award  D. endow

  18. Classification is a useful ____ to the organizati

  on of knowledge in any field.

  A. means  B. approach  C. mode   D. manner

  19. The human race has already paid a heavy price for its slow ____

  to environmental threats.

  A. response  B. responsibility

  C. resolution D. resistance

  20. We have a high regard for Prof. Joseph because he always ____

  his principles.

  A. lives on  B. lives up to

  C. lives through D. lives with

  21. My grandfather accidentally ____ fire to the house.

  A.put   B. took  C.set     D. got

  22. We enjoyed the holiday ____ the expense.

  A.except  B. besides

  C. in addition to  D. except for

  23. If you want children to work hard you must ____ their interests instead of their sense of duty.

  A. appeal to   B. look into  C. give rise to  D. go in for

  24. Basically a robot is a machine which moves, manipulates, joins or proc

  esses ____ in the same way as human hand or arm.

  A. characters B. components

  C.catalogues D. collections

  25. Of course, talking about something which affects them personally is

  ____  motivating for students.

  A. chiefly    B. correctly  C. currently  D. eminently

  试题答案与解析  

  1. A)   【句意】  白天的工作不顺心,回到家里

  拿老婆孩子出气,这是不公平的。

  【难点】  take it out on sb. 意为“拿某人出气”,其中it是无人称代

  词,无所指,这是一个固定的结构。

  2. B)   【句意】  由于害怕孩子感冒,她在孩子

  身上又盖了一条毯子。

  【难点】  for fear that 后接虚拟语气,(should)+动词原形。

  3. C)    【句意】  我们的教师建议我们参观博物

  馆的时候注意力应尽可能集中。

  【难点】  recommend,command ,suggest 等词后接的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,即(should)+动词原形。

  4. B)   【句意】  你没有权力干涉我们的事情。

  【难点】  have no business doing /to do something 意为“没有权力,没有理由做某事“

  5. C)   【句意】  利率再次下调旨在促进国内投资。

  【难点】  be meant to do 意为“旨在做 ”;mean to do 意为“打算做,企图做“;lead to 意为”导致“,后接名词。

  6. A)   【句意】  像直接邮件、无线电、电视和报纸这样的广告媒介一直被用来促进工业品的销售。

  【难点】  根据句意,应用完成时的被动语态,media 是medium 的复数形式。

  7. A)    【句意】  法庭传训他的时候,他否认拿了老太太的项链。

  【难点】  deny后需接动名词,由于动作是过去发生的,所以选A),动名词的完成式。

  8. A)   【句意】  帕克大夫被指控向患者提供过量的安眠药,结果造成病人在预期的时间前死亡。

  【难点】  be accused of 是个常见的词组,意为“被控有…罪”。

  

  9. C)   【句意】  到下月底,我将完成这项任务。

  【难点】  by the end of next month (year)是将来完成时的典型状语,故选C)。

  10. B)   【句意】  除非你的新经济计划创造奇迹,否则我们将赔钱。

  【难点】  unless 引导条件状语从句,用一般现在时表示将来。

  11. A)   【句意】  岩洞里很黑,她燃着了一根火柴。

  【难点】  strike 意为“擦(火柴)”,其它几个词不能和matches搭配。

  12. B)   【句意】  玛丽不能来参加生日晚会了,

  因为她患了感冒,卧床在家。

  【难点】  lay up 意为“因痛(或伤残)卧床”,常用被动语态; lay out 意为“摆出,展开”;lay by 意为“储存”;lay down意为“牺牲,献出”。

  13. B)   【句意】  她常说她最大的快乐在于为残

  疾儿童服务。

  【难点】  consist in 意为“在于,存在于”;rely on 意为“依靠,依赖”;be composed of 意为“由…构成”;comprise 意为“由…组成;构成”。

  14. A)   【句意】  为了搞清楚这一差别,我们必须认真地审视一下生物学发展的漫长历史。

  【难点】  distinction意为“区别;差异”;indication意为“标示,迹象”;recognition意为“(正式的)承认,认可,认知”;constitution意为“宪细直纹短袖我法,体制”。

  15. C)   【句意】  最重要的是,这样的经历能促

  进人们对其它文化的感受性,并使他们更欣赏自己的文化。

  【难点】  foster意为“培养,促进,助长”;coach意为“训练,指导”;forsake意为“遗弃,抛弃”;censor意为“审查,检查”。

  16. A)   【句意】  安把盘子打碎后,想把碎片再合在一起。

  【难点】  fragment 意为“碎片,碎块”;piece意为“块,片”;bit意为“小片;小段”;slice意为“薄片;切片”。

  17. A)   【句意】  简企图用钱贿赂看门人,但失败了。

  【难点】  bribe 意为“收买;行贿”;corrupt意为“腐蚀,使堕落”;award意为“授予(奖品等);给予”;endow意为“资助,捐赠”。

  18. B)   【句意】  分类是组织任何领域知识内容的有效方式。

  【难点】  approach作“方式,方法;态度”讲时,后接介词to,其它几个词没有这种用法。

  19. A)   【句意】  人类已为他们对环境威胁作出的迟缓反应付出了重大代价。

  【难点】  response意为“反应”后接介词to ;responsibility意为“责任”;resolution意为“决心,决定”;resistance意为“抵抗”。

  20. B)   【句意】  我们十分尊重约瑟夫教授,因为他总是信守原则。

  【难点】  live up to 意为“遵守,实践(诺言,原则)”;live on 意为“以…

  为生“;live through意为”度过,经历过“;live with 意为”忍受;容忍“。

  21. C)   【句意】  我爷爷不小心放火烧着了房子。

  【难点】  词组set fire to 意为“点燃,使燃烧”。

  22. D)   【句意】  除了花很多钱外,我们的假期很愉快。

  【难点】  except指的是除去同类的事物,且常用于否定句;besides是包含在内的,除了;in addition to 也是包括在内;except for 是除了不同类的事物。

  23. A)   【句意】  如果你要孩子们努力学习,你必须唤起他们的兴趣而不是责任感。

  【难点】  appeal to 意为“有感染力,有吸引力”;look into 意为“调查,观

  察“;give rise to意为”引起,导致“;go in for意为”爱好;从事,参与“。

  24. B)   【句意】  机器人基本上是一台机器,它

  能像人的手臂一样移动、操纵、结合或加工零件。

  【难点】  component意为“零件;成分”;character 意为“特性;人格”;catalogue意为“目录”;collection意为”收集“。

  25. D)   【句意】  当然,谈论一些影响学生个性的事对他们是非常有积极作用的。

  【难点】  emine

  ntly 意为“突出地;明显地”;chiefly意为“主要地;大部分”;correctly意为“正确地”,currently意为“现时,当前”。

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